Updated: 18-06-2025
Types of Bleeding Disorders in Children
Bleeding disorders in children are seen as increasing diseases all over the globe.
This article gives you a detailed description of it.
We all know the importance of blood in our lives.
Blood is the main fluid that flows throughout different parts of the body.
Blood will take away carbon dioxide and other waste materials from the body and help in the increase of a good number of nutrients, vitamins, proteins, and other necessary minerals into the body.
It helps in the flow of oxygen to the tissues.
Bleeding is commonly seen in children as they are growing up which are generally because of injuries and some have this bleeding because of trauma.
Non-Accidental Injuries (NAI) or bleeding disorders in children effects their health and may also become the threat to life.
Bleeding disorders in children are known as “paediatric haemostasis”.
A bleeding disorder is identified from the age of infants.
Haemostasis helps in identifying the abnormalities in the children and facilitates the effective diagnosis.
Haemostasis is derived from the name ‘haematology’, which is a scientific study done on blood and blood tissues.
A haematologist is a specialist doctor who specialises in blood disorders.
Here we will discuss the diagnosis and treatment of bleeding disorders in children:
There are many types of bleeding disorders in children that should be treated by a physician or other experienced doctors.
A blood disorder mainly affects three major components of the body.
They are as follows:
- Effect on Red Blood Cells
- Effect on White Blood Cells
- Platelets
- Plasma Components
Blood disorder effects on red blood cells
Red blood cells will carry oxygen to the body tissues.
All these disorders can be cured through proper medication under doctors’ guidance, blood transfusion if necessary, and continuous treatment.
- Anaemia in children: It is caused by a lower number of red blood cells in the body.
- Though this is regularly seen by many people.
- Excess anaemia causes the following symptoms.
- Symptoms such as pale skin, fatigue, breathing problems, etc.
- Aplastic anaemia:
- It is caused by a lower number of red blood cells produced in the bone marrow.
- Sometimes it may lead to bone marrow transplantation.
- Symptoms may include viral infection and drug side effects.
- Iron deficiency anaemia:
- Less content of iron in the body leads to iron deficiency anaemia.
- To rectify this deficiency, one needs to take iron pills, and some may need a blood transfusion.
- Megaloblastic (pernicious) anaemia:
- This anaemia is the result of not containing enough vitamin B12 in the body.
- If this becomes severe, it may also lead to nerve damage.
- Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia:
- This deficiency is caused by the destruction of the immune system in the body, which leads to a reduction in the number of red blood cells.
Blood disorder effects on white blood cells:
White blood cells will help in fighting the infection forms within the body.
All these disorders can be treated or cured through chemotherapy and with proper medication.
A doctor’s consultation is a must and should be done before taking any step forward.
- Lymphoma: This form of blood cancer forms in the lymph system.
- This will cause white blood cells to rapidly damage the body system.
- Leukaemia: This is a type of blood cancer that helps in multiplying the growth of white blood cells in the bone marrow.
- This may occur severely with rapid speed or may process slowly.
- Myelodysplastic syndrome: It is a family of blood cancers that grow slowly, and the effects are very severe, as it can risk people’s lives.
- Multiple myeloma: White blood cells contain plasma compounds.
- This compound will release body-damaging substances into the blood, which leads to organ damage.
Blood disorder effects on platelets.
Platelets help the blood clot in the body.
Platelets play a very crucial role in the functioning of the flow of blood in the body.
If the platelet count decreases, the body’s functionality stops working properly, which leads to the death of the person.
- Thrombocytopenia: This is seen when there is a very low number of platelets present in the body and hinders the functionality of the body.
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: This is also caused by a reduction in the number of platelets and damages the body’s system.
- Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: This is caused by the reaction to heparin, which is a blood thinner that also helps in the removal of blood clots from the different parts of the body.
- Essential thrombocytosis/primary thrombocythemia: The body grows a large number of platelets for an unknown cause.
- Their proper functionality doesn’t work, which results in excessive bleeding and clotting of the blood.
Blood disorder effects on plasma components.
A blood disorder that affects the liquid portion of blood is known as a plasma component.
- Sepsis: An infection that spreads over the whole body, caused by an infection somewhere in the body.
- Haemophilia: The deficiency of genetic proteins causes haemophilia disorder.
- It may become a life threat if it increases.
- Von Willebrand disease: This is because of the production of protein in the quantity of either too little or too much.
- Any of the cases cause a disorder.
- Deep venous thrombosis: A blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the leg, causes this disorder, which may spread from the heart to the lungs.
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): This is a condition that causes the blood to clot and bleed throughout the body.
- It creates complications in pregnancy.
To overcome these disorders, whether in infants or adults, one must first consult the doctor, take proper medication, and also follow a healthy diet with regular checkups.
Don’t forget exercises like yoga, meditation, and others will surely help in getting rid of these bleeding disorders in children or any other diseases naturally.
For a healthy food diet and other exercise tips, kindly check our other article.
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